This equation represents how Kullback-Leibler Divergence is calculated. It is a metric used to determine the "distance between" any given two probability distributions (here denoted by \( \htmlClass{sdt-0000000131}{X} \)probDistribution and \(\hat{\htmlClass{sdt-0000000131}{X}probDistribution}\) respectively). It can be interpreted as "the expected excess surprise from using \(\hat{\htmlClass{sdt-0000000131}{X}probDistribution}\) as a model instead of \( \htmlClass{sdt-0000000131}{X} \)probDistribution when the actual model is \( \htmlClass{sdt-0000000131}{X} \)probDistribution"
| \( X \) | This symbol describes the Z-Transform, a mathematical tool used in digital signal processing and control systems to analyze discrete-time signals. |
| \( S \) | This symbol represents all possible microstates of a multi-particle system. |
| \( \sum \) | This is the summation symbol in mathematics, it represents the sum of a sequence of numbers. |
| \( \mathbf{s} \) | This symbol represents a full description of the system taken at molecular level. |